Sobre el "Avant-Propos" de Balzac: una perspectiva hermenéutica

Este trabajo versa sobre la poética de la novela contenida en el famoso prólogo de La Comedia humana. En primer lugar, se repasan las tesis centrales de una determinada lectura del texto que, centrándose en los pasajes dedicados a la ciencia moderna, hace de esta el principal modelo de La Comedia humana. En segundo lugar, se ofrece una relectura del texto desde una perspectiva hermenéutica. La conclusión es que Balzac descartó en este prólogo la posibilidad de servirse de las categorías biológicas para comprender el mundo humano, adelantándose así en cierta medida a la tesis diltheyana sobre la diferencia entre ciencias de la naturaleza y ciencias del espíritu. Finalmente, se destaca el relevante papel desempeñado en el “Avant-Propos” por el modelo literario de Walter Scott, así como en general por la tradición novelesca, cuya defensa y reivindicación habría sido uno de los grandes objetivos de Balzac en este texto teórico.This paper deals with Balzac’s Poetics of the Novel as expressed in his famous prologue to La Comédie humaine. Firstly, I examine a particular reading of the main tenets of this text, which, by focusing on modern science, makes the latter the essential model of La Comédie humaine. Secondly, I offer a new reading from a hermeneutical perspective. Consquently, it may be concluded that Balzac in his prologue refused to understand the human world by means of biological categories, thus becoming a forerunner of Dilthey’s differentiation between Natural and Human Sciences (Geisteswissenschaften, ‘Sciences of the Spirit’). Lastly, it is necessary to underline what the “Avant-Propos” owes to the literary model of Walter Scott and of the tradition of the novel in general, whose defense and vindication is arguably among Balzac’s aims in this theoretical text

Sobre la interpretación en Barthes: hacia una hermenéutica plural

Este trabajo discute la extendida imagen de Roland Barthes como pensador ajeno y hasta antagónico a la interpretación, presentándole, por el contrario, como el autor de una de las contribuciones más importantes del siglo XX a la hermenéutica literaria. La hipótesis central es que Barthes se mantuvo siempre a distancia del cientificismo estructuralista, reservando un espacio propio a la tarea crítico-literaria y, por ende, a la interpretación. Se propone también entender Crítica y verdad como un explícito giro hermenéutico en la producción barthesiana, bajo la influencia de la hermenéutica del símbolo de Paul Ricoeur. Se destaca, por último, la rectificación que Barthes imprimió a su propio concepto de crítica literaria en S/Z, libro donde se contendría la más completa y decisiva aportación del autor a la teoría de la interpretación literaria. Al mostrar la necesidad interna de esta evolución barthesiana, el trabajo se propone, además, arrojar luz sobre lo que, todavía a día de hoy, debería ser una hermenéutica específicamente adaptada, no solo al plural del texto contemporáneo, sino también a la pluralidad o multiplicidad de escrituras o poéticas literarias.This paper takes a stand against the commonplace understanding of Roland Barthes as indifferent or even hostile to interpretation; on the contrary, he is to be credited with having made one of the most relevant contributions to literary hermeneutics in the 20th century. The main hypothesis is that Barthes kept himself at a distance from structuralist scientificism, in order to leave room for the task of literary criticism and consequently for interpretation. Besides, I suggest understanding Criticism and Truth as an explicit hermeneutical turn in Barthes’s work, under the influence of Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the symbol. Lastly, Barthes’s rectification of his concept of literary criticism in S/Z comes to the foreground. S/Z contains the most developed and decisive contribution by Barthes to the theory of literary interpretation. By showing the internal necessity of such an evolution in Barthes’s work, the paper aims at shedding light on the desideratum –still pending– of a hermeneutics specifically adapted not only to the plural of the contemporary text but also to the plurality or rather multiplicity of literary écritures and poetics

Band gap control via tuning of inversion degree in CdIn2_2S4_4 spinel

Based on theoretical arguments we propose a possible route for controlling the band-gap in the promising photovoltaic material CdIn$_2$S$_4$. Our \textit{ab initio} calculations show that the experimental degree of inversion in this spinel (fraction of tetrahedral sites occupied by In) corresponds approximately to the equilibrium value given by the minimum of the theoretical inversion free energy at a typical synthesis temperature. Modification of this temperature, or of the cooling rate after synthesis, is then expected to change the inversion degree, which in turn sensitively tunes the electronic band-gap of the solid, as shown here by accurate screened hybrid functional calculations.Comment: In press in Applied Physics Letters (2012); 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Sobre el "Avant-Propos" de Balzac: una perspectiva hermenéutica

Este trabajo versa sobre la poética de la novela contenida en el famoso prólogo de La Comedia humana. En primer lugar, se repasan las tesis centrales de una determinada lectura del texto que, centrándose en los pasajes dedicados a la ciencia moderna, hace de esta el principal modelo de La Comedia humana. En segundo lugar, se ofrece una relectura del texto desde una perspectiva hermenéutica. La conclusión es que Balzac descartó en este prólogo la posibilidad de servirse de las categorías biológicas para comprender el mundo humano, adelantándose así en cierta medida a la tesis diltheyana sobre la diferencia entre ciencias de la naturaleza y ciencias del espíritu. Finalmente, se destaca el relevante papel desempeñado en el “Avant-Propos” por el modelo literario de Walter Scott, así como en general por la tradición novelesca, cuya defensa y reivindicación habría sido uno de los grandes objetivos de Balzac en este texto teórico.This paper deals with Balzac’s Poetics of the Novel as expressed in his famous prologue to La Comédie humaine. Firstly, I examine a particular reading of the main tenets of this text, which, by focusing on modern science, makes the latter the essential model of La Comédie humaine. Secondly, I offer a new reading from a hermeneutical perspective. Consquently, it may be concluded that Balzac in his prologue refused to understand the human world by means of biological categories, thus becoming a forerunner of Dilthey’s differentiation between Natural and Human Sciences (Geisteswissenschaften, ‘Sciences of the Spirit’). Lastly, it is necessary to underline what the “Avant-Propos” owes to the literary model of Walter Scott and of the tradition of the novel in general, whose defense and vindication is arguably among Balzac’s aims in this theoretical text

Theoretical study of population sharing between n=2 levels in the Li++He collision

Presents a theoretical study of the relative populations of Sigma and Pi states associated with Li*(n=2)+He+ and Li++He*(n=2) products that are formed in Li++He collisions at keV energies. A half-collision model is considered where the (1s sigma 22p sigma 2p pi ) 1 Pi molecular state is assumed to be prepared initially (as a result of a primary 2p sigma -2p pi rotational coupling step) and the population-sharing processes occur as the collisional system breaks apart. The corresponding calculations involve six-state and twelve-state atomic-like diabatic representations and are carried out using the impact parameter method. the differential electron capture probability and the Stokes' parameters for Li*(22P) and He*(21P) excitations are determined. The calculated alignment angles gamma (Li,He) and shape parameters are slowly oscillating functions of the collision energy. The differences between the results for Li and He are discussed in terms of the various electron transition mechanisms. Qualitative agreement between theory and experiment is found for gamma (Li) but the comparison for gamma (He) is disappointing

Sharing processes in Li++ He collision

The aim of this work is to study theoretically the dominant mechanism in the population distribution between n=2 of Li and He levels. To be able to account for the experimental findups, "ab-initio" calculations have been performed. These calculations take into account both the rotational and radial couplings